Resumo: Este estudo objetiva identificar a natureza de verdade por Agostinho de Hipona (354-430), segundo as reflexões contidas no VII Livro da obra Confissões (397) que trata da Busca da Verdade. Para isso, é necessário reconhecer quais percursos o bispo de Hipona percorreu em sua vida terrena, bem como sua vivência filosófica. Nesse itinerário em busca da verdade se envolveu com o maniqueísmo, que em certa medida apresentava uma verdade racional e material, perspectiva que se aproximava do pensamento de Agostinho (...) na sua fase de juventude. Conforme foi amadurecendo intelectualmente e buscando compreensões das questões que permeiam a vida humana pode-se depreender o seu projeto de formação cristã, uma vez que, ao criticar o modo como conduzia sua vida pregressa (anterior à conversão) e evidenciar as mudanças em seus atos cotidianos para se adequar à forma de vida de um bom cristão, o autor explicita um projeto de educação e de sociedade que conduza aos bens eternos e imutáveis. A busca e o encontro da verdade ocorrerão mediante ações decorrentes de um ato de escolha particular, livre. Palavras-chave: Agostinho de Hipona; Verdade; Formação Cristã; Vontade. The itinerary of Augustine of Hippo in search of the truth and its Christian formation project Abstract: This study aims to identify the nature of truth by Augustine of Hippo (354-430), according to the reflections contained in the VII Book of the work Confessions (397) which deals with the Search for Truth. For this, it is necessary to recognize which paths the Bishop of Hippo took in his earthly life, as well as his philosophical experience. In this itinerary in search of the truth, he became involved with Manichaeism, which, to a certain extent, presented a rational and material truth, a perspective that was close to the thought of Augustine in his youth. As he matured intellectually and sought understanding of the issues that permeate human life, his project of Christian formation can be inferred, since, by criticizing the way he led his former life (prior to conversion) and highlighting the changes in his acts to adapt to the way of life of a good Christian, the author explains a project of education and society that leads to eternal and immutable goods. The search and finding of the truth will occur through actions resulting from an act of particular, free choice. Keywords: Augustine of Hippo; Truth; Christian Formation; Will. El itinerario de Agustín de Hipona en busca de la verdad y su proyecto de formación Cristiana Resumen: Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar la naturaleza de la verdad de Agustín de Hipona (354-430), según las reflexiones contenidas en el Libro VII de la obra Confesiones (397) que trata de la Búsqueda de la Verdad. Para ello, es necesario reconocer qué caminos tomó el obispo de Hipona en su vida terrena, así como su experiencia filosófica. En este itinerario en busca de la verdad, se involucra con el maniqueísmo, que, en cierta medida, presenta una verdad racional y material, perspectiva cercana al pensamiento de Agustín en su juventud. De haber madurado intelectualmente y buscado la comprensión de los problemas que impregnan la vida humana, se puede inferir su proyecto de formación cristiana, ya que, al criticar la forma en que llevó su vida anterior (previa a la conversión) y destacando los cambios en sus actos para adaptarse a el modo de vida de un buen cristiano, el autor explica un proyecto de educación y sociedad que conduce a bienes eternos e inmutables. La búsqueda y el hallazgo de la verdad ocurrirán a través de acciones resultantes de un acto de libre elección particular. Palabras clave: Agustín de Hipona; Verdad; Formación Cristiana; Voluntad. Data de registro: 28/11/2022 Data de aceite: 18/10/2023. (shrink)

The precise orchestration of two opposing protein complexes – one in the cytoplasm (β‐catenin destruction complex) and the other at the plasma membrane (LRP6 signaling complex) – is critical for controlling levels of the transcriptional co‐factor β‐catenin, and subsequent activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin signal transduction pathway. The Wnt pathway component Axin acts as an essential scaffold for the assembly of both complexes. How the β‐catenin destruction and LRP6 signaling complexes are modulated following Wnt stimulation remains controversial. A recent study in (...) Science by He and coworkers reveals an underlying logic for Wnt pathway control in which Axin phosphorylation toggles a switch between the active and inactive states. This mini‐review focuses on this and two other recent studies that provide insight into the initial signaling events triggered by Wnt exposure. We emphasize regulation of the β‐catenin destruction and LRP6 signaling complexes and propose a framework for future work in this area. (shrink)

Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo-cualitativo con un diseño descriptivo, analítico e interpretativo, en el que se indagó si la investigación ocupa un espacio relevante en los treinta y cinco planes curriculares de las carreras profesionales de una universidad pública del Perú. Se constató, además, si se programaron competencias investigativas digitales. Finalmente, se analizó si la investigación formativa se encuentra inserta en los currículos. La muestra fue censal y como instrumento se aplicó una matriz de análisis de contenidos para recoger información (...) sobre las categorías establecidas previamente. Los resultados reflejaron diversidad en los contenidos de los planes curriculares estudiados. (shrink)

Abstract:This essay presents and discusses how James Rennel (1742–1830), a royal cartographer in eighteenth-century Bengal and father of British Modern Geography, presented and discussed the biblical concept of "exile" as a "practice" for the benefit of the empire. Following Rennell's readings in Biblical and Classical texts, this essay shows how Rennell intervened in contemporary European debates about Jews and trade.

Ecrire en philosophie consiste à rechercher "le problème d'une oeuvre", affirme Deleuze après Bergson. En s'inspirant de cette recommandation, l'auteur cherche à construire le problème de l'oeuvre du "premier" Deleuze, d'Empirisme et subjectivité à Différence et répétition. Le problème central est celui de la définition de la pensée : que signifie penser et s'orienter dans la pensée? Comment commencer sans présupposés? Ce volume examine le point de départ de la pensée de Deleuze qui consiste dans la critique de l'image de (...) la pensée comme représentation. Il restitue fidèlement sa pensée sans simplification ni jargon. (shrink)

À la manière de Sartre, qui renonce à la question de l'essence de la littérature et lui préfère celle de son utilité, Deleuze interroge, non l'essence de l'art, mais son usage pour le philosophe. Selon Deleuze, l'art est nécessaire au philosophe pour penser sa propre condition. En effet, pour échapper à la représentation qui dénature et assujettit la pensée, la philosophie exige un détour par l'art qui transforme à la fois l'exercice de la pensée et les conditions de l'expérience. L'usage (...) de l'art, c'est ce que fait l'art. L'art capte des forces (il rend visibles des forces invisibles) et transforme, à la fois, l'artiste et le corps social (il bouleverse les manières de sentir et de penser). Cette nouvelle manière de penser et d'user de l'art déborde le cadre habituel des études esthétiques. Il s'agit ici d'établir une périodisation de la question de l'art dans l'oeuvre de Deleuze, en fonction des problèmes qu'il pose. On retiendra trois périodes qui sont trois philosophies de l'art : la première accorde la priorité à la littérature ; la deuxième opère le passage du littéraire au sémiotique, en mettant en lumière le rôle politique de l'art ; et la troisième élabore une sémiotique de l'image, à partir de la peinture et du cinéma. (shrink)

What is sovereignty? Often taken for granted or seen as the ideology of European states vying for supremacy and conquest, the concept of sovereignty remains underexamined both in the history of its practices and in its aesthetic and intellectual underpinnings. Using global intellectual history as a bridge between approaches, periods, and areas, The Scaffolding of Sovereignty deploys a comparative and theoretically rich conception of sovereignty to reconsider the different schemes on which it has been based or renewed, the public stages (...) on which it is erected or destroyed, and the images and ideas on which it rests. The essays in The Scaffolding of Sovereignty reveal that sovereignty has always been supported, complemented, and enforced by a complex aesthetic and intellectual scaffolding. This collection takes a multidisciplinary approach to investigating the concept on a global scale, ranging from an account of a Manchu emperor building a mosque to a discussion of the continuing power of Lenin’s corpse, from an analysis of the death of kings in classical Greek tragedy to an exploration of the imagery of “the people” in the Age of Revolutions. Across seventeen chapters that closely study specific historical regimes and conflicts, the book’s contributors examine intersections of authority, power, theatricality, science and medicine, jurisdiction, rulership, human rights, scholarship, religious and popular ideas, and international legal thought that support or undermine different instances of sovereign power and its representations. (shrink)

« Comme toute grande philosophie, celle de Deleuze avant Guattari et avec Guattari renouvelle la définition de la pensée. Depuis Différence et répétition, la pensée n’est pour Deleuze ni naturelle ni spontanée, elle est le produit d’une genèse : Deleuze part d’une critique de l’image représentative de la pensée qui lui permet de dégager le vrai commencement de la pensée, ses conditions réelles. Avec cette genèse, grâce à laquelle la pensée se cherche un sol autre que la représentation en renonçant (...) en même temps à tout fondement, Deleuze résout, pour son propre compte, le problème du commencement en philosophie, en faisant surgir une pensée sans image. Par la suite, Deleuze et Guattari construisent ensemble une nouvelle métaphysique qui semble se passer, en apparence seulement, des notions d’image de la pensée et de pensée sans image. En réalité, à l’unique « Image de la pensée » qu’il s’agissait de détruire dans Différence et répétition, Deleuze et Guattari substituent, dès Mille plateaux, une pluralité d’images de la pensée, chacune étant historiquement et singulièrement déterminée. Ils esquissent même dans cet ouvrage l’idée d’une « noologie » qu’ils prendraient pour objet d’étude. Ces images deviendront les plans d’immanence de Qu’est-ce que la philosophie?. Quant à la pensée sans image, nous montrerons que, loin de disparaître, elle prend différentes formes, notamment celle du chaos, dans leur dernier ouvrage. Notre hypothèse est donc que, sous des vocables changeants, ces deux idées, comme leur relation mise à jour par Deleuze, ne disparaissent pas de leur métaphysique commune. ». (shrink)

This monograph addresses the worlds of social science theory and artificial intelligence AI. The book examines the interaction of individual cognitive factors and social influence on human action and discusses the implications for developments in artificial intelligence.; This book is intended for graduate and research level artificial intelligence and social science theory including sociology, economics, psychology.

This chapter delves into the intricate relationships among engineering, technology, ethics, and morality, highlighting their interconnected nature as they shape and are shaped by individual and collective human existence. Exploring the profound philosophical and religious underpinnings that underlie ethical and moral contemplation, the chapter also introduces seven distinct ethical systems, emphasizing three non-Western paradigms: South American Buen Vivir, African Ubuntu, and Asian Confucianism. These ethical systems are examined in the context of their implications for technology and engineering. This exposition illuminates (...) the significance of studying ethics and the philosophy of engineering or technology, particularly in using engineering to help marginalized individuals and communities empower and liberate themselves, fostering alternative social structures and existential meanings. (shrink)

We develop a conceptual and formal clarification of notion of surprise as a belief-based phenomenon by exploring a rich typology. Each kind of surprise is associated with a particular phase of cognitive processing and involves particular kinds of epistemic representations (representations and expectations under scrutiny, implicit beliefs, presuppositions). We define two main kinds of surprise: mismatch-based surprise and astonishment. In the central part of the paper we suggest how a formal model of surprise can be integrated with a formal model (...) of belief change. We investigate the role of surprise in triggering the process of belief reconsideration. There are a number of models of surprise developed in the psychology of emotion. We provide several comparisons of our approach with those models. (shrink)

This work provides an analysis of the basic cognitive components of envy. In particular, the roles played by the envious party's social comparison with, and ill will against, the better off are emphasised. The ill will component is characterised by the envier's ultimate goal or wish that the envied suffer some harm, and is distinguished from resentment and sense of injustice, which have often been considered part of envy. The reprehensible nature of envy is discussed, and traced back to the (...) analysis of its components. Finally, we explore both points of overlap and distinguishing features between envy and other emotions such as jealousy or emulation, and make a few general remarks, pointing to the necessity of overcoming conceptual looseness in the notion of envy. (shrink)

This paper offers a conceptual framework which (re)integrates goal-directed control, motivational processes, and executive functions, and suggests a developmentalpathway from situated action to higher level cognition. We first illustrate a basic computational (control-theoretic) model of goal-directed action that makes use of internalmodeling. We then show that by adding the problem of selection among multiple actionalternatives motivation enters the scene, and that the basic mechanisms of executivefunctions such as inhibition, the monitoring of progresses, and working memory, arerequired for this system to (...) work. Further, we elaborate on the idea that the off-line re-enactment of anticipatory mechanisms used for action control gives rise to (embodied)mental simulations, and propose that thinking consists essentially in controlling mental simulations rather than directly controlling behavior and perceptions. We concludeby sketching an evolutionary perspective of this process, proposing that anticipationleveraged cognition, and by highlighting specific predictions of our model. (shrink)

Contempt and disgust share a number of features which distinguish them from other hostile emotions: they both present two distinct facets—a nonmoral facet and a moral one; they both imply a negative evaluation of the dispositional kind as well as disrespect towards the target of the feeling; and they trigger avoidance and exclusion action tendencies. However, while sharing a common core, contempt and disgust are in our view distinct emotions, qualified by different cognitive-motivational features. Contempt is felt exclusively towards human (...) targets, and implies sense of superiority over them, pessimistic feelings about their possibility of betterment, detachment from them, and avoidance driven by detachment; whereas disgust can be directed at a wide range of possible targets, and implies contamination sensitivity, fear of contamination, and fear-driven avoidance. The differences between contempt and disgust are related to the different kinds of standard against which the target is evaluated, and the different kinds of disrespect engendered by the negative evaluation. (shrink)

This study examines the implications of practical reason for entrepreneurial activities. Our study is based on Thomas Aquinas’ interpretation of such virtue, with a particular focus on the partition of practical reason in potential parts such as synesis, or common sense, and gnome, or perspicacity. Since entrepreneurial acts and actions deal with extremely uncertain situations, we argue that only this perspicacity, as the ability of correctly judging in exceptional cases, has the power to find wisdom under such blurred conditions. Perspicacity (...) frees entrepreneurs from their cognitive schemata rendering them able to be truly entrepreneurial. Based on this vision and thanks to a semantic analysis of the meaning of the Greek word gnome, we construct an interpretative model for entrepreneurial judgment composed of three dimensions, specifically, knowledge-cognitive, external-affective and personal-reflective. The model highlights how a ‘successful’ entrepreneurial judgment is also such from a holistic point of view. (shrink)

This work proposes an analysis of the cognitive and motivational components of hope, its basic properties, and the affective dispositions and behaviors it is likely to induce. In our view current treatments of hope do not fully account for its specificity, by making hope overlap with positive expectation or some specification of positive expectation. In contrast, we attempt to highlight the distinctive features of hope, pointing to its differences from positive expectation, as well as from a sense of successful agency, (...) optimism, trust, and faith. Fear and anxiety are also addressed, and the latter is analyzed as a state of mind implying both fear and hope. Finally, the relationship between hope and motivation is explored, and “active” hope is compared with “passive” hope. Some concluding remarks summarize the results of our analysis, and stress the role of hope in fostering the individual’s well-being. (shrink)

This work aims to identify the constituents of forgiveness in terms of the forgiver's beliefs and motivating goals. After addressing the antecedents of forgiveness—a perceived wrong—and distinguishing the notion of mere harm from that of offense, we describe the victim's typical retributive reactions—revenge and resentment—and discuss their advantages and disadvantages. Then we focus on the forgiver's mind-set, pointing to the relationship between forgiveness and acceptance of the wrong, addressing the forgiver's motivating goals, and discussing both their self-interested and altruistic implications. (...) In so doing we also discuss the role of the forgiver's positive feelings towards the offender, arguing that, however important, they are unnecessary to forgiveness. We finally identify two kinds of forgiveness—conditional and unconditional—suggesting that they are grounded on different notions of “worth.”. (shrink)

This work presents an analysis of the feeling of guilt and in particular of the cognitive defenses against it. It shows how the need to avoid or mitigate the feeling, with the suffering implied, affects the perception and judgment of oneself and others. It is in fact claimed that to copy with their guilt people try to alter the appraisal processes implied by the emotion. Once described the main cognitive components of the feeling of guilt, an analysis is offered of (...) the interventions of the cognitive defenses on such components, to alter the original appraisal processes underlying the feeling. (shrink)

Argumentation is a dialogical attempt to bring about a desired change in the beliefs of another agent – that is, to trigger a specific belief revision process in the mind of such agent. However, so far formal models of belief revision widely neglected any systematic comparison with argumentation theories, to the point that even the simplest argumentation structures cannot be captured within such models. In this essay, we endeavour to bring together argumentation and belief revision in the same formal framework, (...) and to highlight the important role played by Toulmin’s layout of argument in fostering such integration. (shrink)

In this paper, a model of norms as cognitive objects is applied to establish connections between social conventions and prescriptions. Relevant literature on this issue, especially found in AI and the social sciences, will be shown to suffer from a dychotomic view: a conventionalistic view proposed by rationality and AI scientists; and a prescriptive view proposed by some philosophers of law (Kelsen 1934/1979, Hart 1961, Ross, 1958).In the present work, the attempt is made to fill the gap between these views (...) by putting forward a hypothesis concerning the process from perceived behavioural regularities to normative assumptions. The emergence of norms will be here seen as intrinsically intertwined with the emergence of normative beliefs. Unlike that assumed by the conventionalistic sight, the process of emergence is seen as a non-continuous phenomenon. A given behavioural regularity will be argued to give rise to a normative belief if and as long as that regularity is believed to be prescribed within the community. Two corollaries of this hypothesis will be examined: (1) unlike that implied by the conventionalistic view, the spreading of norms is not only due to a passive behavioural social influence (imitation) but also to an active cognitive one (the spreading of normative wants and beliefs); (2) unlike that assumed by the prescriptive view, a norm is not necessarily explicitly and deliberately issued by some normative authority, but is grounded upon the norm-addressees' beliefs that they are generally prescribed to comply with it. (shrink)

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a filosofia de Kant e o pensamento de Bohr como formas de conhecimento que se encontram, segundo alguns comentadores, a partir de conceitos da física clássica. Ademais, a epistemologia de Kant apresentou grande aproximação com a filosofia natural de Newton e, conceitualmente, alguns limites de fronteira com a filosofia da física quântica, se consideramos a fase inicial da mecânica clássica. Tais conceitos limítrofes adquiriram forma na física de Bohr e, por sua vez, se modificaram (...) no pensamento do físico dinamarquês. Assim, aborda-se aqui a posição de Bohr sobre conceitos aproximados da filosofia kantiana, pelo viés clássico da preservação de conceitos como espaço, tempo, realismo e causalidade da física. Por outro lado, serão apresentados argumentos que indicam como não se sustentam todas as interpretações que construíram um “Bohr kantiano”. (shrink)

Resenha da obra: ZUIN, Antônio Álvaro Soares; COSTA, Belarmino Cesar Guimarães da; GOMES, Luiz Roberto; LASTÓRIA, Luiz Antônio Calmon Nabuco (org.). Teoria crítica, formação cultural e educação: homenagem a Bruno Pucci. Piracicaba: Editora Unimep, 2018. 396p.

O ensaio se ocupa em mostrar como se manifestaram os ideais educacionais em relação às brincadeiras na modernidade, identificando Fröebel como o principal referente teórico nesse âmbito. Veremos em Fröebel como as ideias do brincar são importantes para a sociedade e para as escolas modernas, e como podem funcionar nos modos se subjetivação infantil. Fröebel enfatiza a necessidade de organizar o cotidiano de forma estruturada, partindo do cotidiano, que envolve todas as atividades das crianças na instituição, o que revela uma (...) preocupação com o tempo. O espaço e o tempo também são modos de controle do brincar. Quanto mais o espaço é definido, mais podemos vigiá-los, observar como brincam, como se manifestam e reagem. Do mesmo modo isso se dá em relação ao tempo, quanto mais estrita a programação, mais controle se tem sobre os corpos. Por fim, realizamos uma tentativa de pensar o brincar como forma de resistência a formas disciplinadoras, mostrando que, onde há poder (modos de conduzir o brincar como algo que tem finalidade pedagogizante) há resistência (o brincar como ato de fruição, sem utilidade), apontando acerca da despedagogização do ato de brincar. (shrink)

This paper outlines an integrated approach to trust and relevance with respect to arguments: in particular, it is suggested that trust in relevance has a central role in argumentation. We first distinguish two types of argumentative relevance: internal relevance, i.e. the extent to which a premise has a bearing on its purported conclusion, and external relevance, i.e. a measure of how much a whole argument is pertinent to the matter under discussion, in the broader dialogical context where it is proposed. (...) Then, we argue that judgements of internal relevance heavily rely on trust, and that such trust, although occasionally misplaced , is nonetheless based on several reasons, and thus often justified, by either epistemic or pragmatic considerations. We conclude by sketching potential methods to formally model trust in argumentative relevance, and briefly discussing the technological implications of this line of research. (shrink)

We approach in the essay the temporality of childhood, taking as horizon the language and experience. Walter Benjamin and Giorgio Agamben are the main thinkers who help us to address the fragile experience in contemporaneity, in the sense that the current ways of life are full of everyday practices that are not transformed into experience. To restore experience it is necessary to understand childhood as a condition of existence that accompanies all life; it is a subject who is exposed to (...) historicity and who makes history, discontinuous history and singular event. With this in mind, through Manuel de Barros' poetic power we rekindle the relationship between childhood temporalities, language and experience, because ins this relation present itself the intensity of a lived that is devoid of a successive and chronological time. The creative power of this language has in the becoming-child the artisan for the creation of another perspective in the search for the inaugural source of words: to advance to the beginning and reach the childing of words. From these constructed approaches, we understand that together, Walter Benjamin, Giorgio Agamben and Manuel de Barros invite us to resume our childhood, in the search for the first meaning of words, which we only find with the presence of childhood. Here, it is not about establishing an absolute truth about childhoods and their times, but of finding ways to think about how to constitute other relationships with and in time. (shrink)

À partir d’auteurs comme Negri, Cocco, Viveiros de Castro et Fanon, cet article discute le devenir-indien comme un concept pour les forces expressives de luttes et de réinvention dans le Sud. À travers de formes concrètes d’intervention, on analyse un mode de résistance à la fois créatif et alternatif, qui prend le contre-pied de l’actuel agenda capitaliste et néo-développementiste.

This article investigates media representations of the European financial crisis in Greece and Italy. We study the Euro crisis as an ‘emergency situation’ with domino effects, where media played a central role in shaping communication practices at the national level as well as between the two countries. Drawing upon vertical and horizontal dynamics of Europeanization, we map the convergences and divergences in media discourses that surround the period 2011–2015. In doing so, we elaborate a qualitative analysis of newspaper articles focusing, (...) in particular, on the themes of austerity and the fragmentation of Europe. Our argument suggests that national public spheres in times of transnational crisis become increasingly nationalized; yet under certain circumstances such as when the supranational infrastructure is the target of blame, they converge, opening the path toward a transnational discursive dialogue. (shrink)

A presente pesquisa pretende apresentar, analisar e questionar a prática jurídica dos núcleos de prática jurídica da PUC Minas, tendo presente as normas emanadas do Ministério da Educação e a Missão da PUC Minas, conforme o ensino da Igreja no que concerne às universidades católicas. Palavras-chave: Igreja; Cidadania; Assistência jurídica; Acesso à justiça. ABSTRACT This research aims at presenting, analysing and questioning juridical practice in the nuclei of juridical practice of PUC Minas, considering the norms issued by the Ministry of (...) Education as well as the mission of PUC Minas, according to the teaching of the church in what concerns Catholic institutions of higher education. Key words: Church; Citizenship; Juridical assistance; Access to justice. (shrink)

New findings point to a role for mesolimbic DA circuits in the generation of dreaming. We disagree with Solms about these structures having an exclusive role in generating dreams. We review data suggesting that dreaming can be interrupted at different levels of processing and that anterior-subcortical lesions associated with dream cessation are unlikely to produce selective hypodopaminergic dynamic impairments. [Hobson et al.; Nielsen; Solms].

A Etnomatemática, segundo Ubiratan D’Ambrosio, constitui uma subárea da História da Matemática e da Educação Matemática politicamente engajada, voltada para transformação social e para a recuperação da dignidade cultural dos indivíduos. Entretanto, em um dos momentos mais críticos para o povo brasileiro, em plena crise sanitária e econômica da pandemia de Covid-19, por uma infeliz coincidência, atravessamos uma ampla reforma curricular impulsionada publicação da “Base Nacional Comum Curricular – BNCC”, em 2018, documento norteador dos currículos nacionais que ignorou a História (...) da Matemática, bem como nossa grande tradição em pesquisa e ensino etnomatemáticos. Por outro lado, os documentos curriculares complementares publicados em 2019: “Referenciais Curriculares para a Elaboração de Itinerários Formativos” e “Temas Contemporâneos Transversais na BNCC: Contexto Histórico e Pressupostos Pedagógicos” colocaram os professores brasileiros diante de um vazio fértil, repleto de desafios e possibilidades. Discutir esse cenário educacional é o objetivo central deste artigo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de cunho bibliográfico e documental, que se debruça sobre documentos curriculares brasileiros e pesquisas embasadas na Etnomatemática, para tentar responder à nossa questão de pesquisa “Quais os principais desafios e possibilidades para a promoção da Etnomatemática na Educação Básica brasileira, no contexto da atual reforma curricular, em uma perspectiva interdisciplinar e transdisciplinar?”. Nosso foco é a rede estadual de ensino de São Paulo, por se tratar da maior rede de ensino do Brasil e por ser uma das primeiras e elaborar um currículo pautado pela BNCC, além de um projeto próprio para a exploração dos temas curriculares transversais, implantação e implementação do Novo Ensino Médio. Nossos resultados mostram que, apesar do engessamento curricular promovido pela BNCC, ainda existe margem para desenvolvimento de propostas educacionais que contemplem as necessidades locais, que respeite as diferenças regionais e as peculiaridades da cultura escolar, em uma perspectiva etnomatemática. (shrink)

The purpose of the following text is to analyze the development of the understanding of God in the theological-biblical imaginery, as well as the formulations that allow us to understand the development of Transcendent identity in history and in the construction of the talk and about God. Starting from a brief synopsis of the biblical Old Testament design of elements present in the theological imagination of the identity of the God of Israel, from liberating perception present in the image of (...) God Revelation from Jesus Christ phenomenon, passing briefly to the understanding of God as Trinity and culminating with the perception of identity of God within the current context of liberation, it points out the development of the identity of a God who – far from remain static, immobile, inert – assumes an itinerant identity alongside your people. Thus, the present paper analyses aspects of revelation and maps an identity of God from these elements, pointing to the construction of the identity design of a God who, by walking along the humanity, is not free to be assimilated and perceived in different forms in the course of this Revelation route. (shrink)

O estudo, de abordagem hermenêutica, realiza um debate acerca das fake news e suas ressonâncias na vida social, de modo particular, durante o período de pandemia ocasionada pelo COVID-19. Realizamos uma reflexão sobre como o contato com as fake news pode ocasionar interferências nos processos educacionais e nos diversos segmentos da sociedade. Elencamos considerações sobre os multiletramentos digitais como um meio de diálogo pedagógico, que envolve a mobilização de um conjunto de letramentos e práticas sociais interligadas e sensíveis aos contextos (...) vitais enquanto condição para o enfrentamento das fake news na educação. (shrink)

This paper provides an analysis of the cognitive processes implied in the ego defense known as projection. Projection is first placed in the context of the general cognitive processes of attribution and ascription. Then we address defensive projection, and identify its distinctive features. In particular, whereas general projection consists in the ascription of one's own mental attitudes to others, defensive projection implies one's rejection of the ascribed mental states, and ascription is a means for supporting this rejection. We try to (...) understand how and why ascription is functional to rejection. Then, we examine a few types of defensive projection, and identify the main components and steps in the projective process. Finally, we draw some general conclusions. (shrink)

True to its sensorimotor inspiration, Hurley's shared circuits model (SCM) describes goal-states only within a homeostatic mechanism for action control, neglecting to consider other functions of goals control freaks.”.